Nutrients can be used to supplement fresh water. If done, water plants show abnormal increase in growth, and this artificial process is eutrophication. Excess nutrients in water will cause damages. The water body will be overwhelmed with organic substances. And the micro-organisms in water are over powered by organic matter, and this causes rapid growth of algae. This contributes more to already present organic wastes in water. The dissolved oxygen is totally depleted from the water. Consequently ‘anaerobic’ organisms take possession of organic wastes and release methane gas and hydrogen sulphide. These gases are harmful to aerobic forms of life. Aerobic forms need oxygen to survive. The water body produces bad odor and causes suffocation. The foul-smell spreads around the entire region, reminding us, citizens, our civic responsibilities. Individuals feel helplessness, but a collective effort can and will produce some results.
Extensive use of chemicals and fertilizers by farmers, especially nitrate and pesticides cause ground water pollution. Unaware of this leaching process, the farmers continue to contribute to our ground water contamination.
Indiscriminate disposal of domestic and industrial sewage add insult to injury. Chemical compounds are in abundance in the industrial waste water. These can easily be identified. And so are toxic wastes and organic pollutants. Food products industries and chemical industries hold a major share in abusing the water body, denying a healthy normal life for the mankind.
Industrial affluent treatment facilities should be adequate and made compulsory. Authorities should inspect regularly such industries, particularly Leather processing industries, Sugar mills, Distilleries, Thermal power stations etc. Some of the major industries have shown considerable interest in solving the pollution crisis. The positive responses are quite encouraging. Unfortunately, most of the small scale industries can not afford to do anything about pollution control.